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Objective To investigate the diagnostic values of ultrasound in rheumatoid knee arthritis and the clinical significance of ultrasonic scoring system.Methods From July 2013 to December 2015,500 cases of patients with rheumatoid knee arthritis in two grade A class 3 hospitals of Lishui City were collected as the observation group and contemporaneous 500 healthy adults were collected as the control group.The knee joint synovial thickness,vascular detection rate in hyperplasia synovium,ultrasound score,rheumatoid arthritis disease activity score,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C reactive protein (CRP),suprapatellar bursa effusion,infrapatellar bursa effusion,joint effusion,knee joint cartilage and bone surface were observed in the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group got a significant increase in knee joint synovial thickness [(0.50±0.19)cm vs.(0.13±0.05) cm,P=0.000)];depth of suprapatellar bursa fluid [(0.62±0.27)cm vs.(0.23±0.05) cm,P=0.000];depth of infrapatellar bursa fluid [(0.58±0.12)cm vs.(0.21±0.04) cm,P=0.000];joint fluid depth [(0.48±0.28)cm vs.(0.12±0.08) cm,P=0.000];ESR [(43.29±12.58)mm/h vs.(12.95±4.39) mm/h,P=0.000)];CRP level [(8.95±3.29)mg/L vs.(3.29±1.54) mg/L,P=0.000)];vascular detection rate in hyperplasia synovium (84.20% vs.13.00%,P=0.000).Moreover the ultrasound score was positively corrected with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity score,CRP level,ESR,suprapatellar bursa fluid depth,infrapatellar bursa fluid depth and joint fluid depth in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (r=0.583,0.258,0.383,0.219,0.228,0.248;P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound has good diagnostic value in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis,and the ultrasonic scoring system can better reflect the severity of the disease.
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AIM:To investigate the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in atrial tissues of the patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD), and the effects of AhR on rheumatic atrial fibrosis.METHODS:Right atrial specimens obtained from the patients with RHD requiring valve replacement surgery were divided into chronic atrial fibrillation (RHD+cAF, n=11) group and sinus rhythm (RHD+sinus rhythm, n=25) group.The patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and sinus rhythm (CHD+sinus rhythm, n=12) who underwent heart surgery served as controls.The collagen volume fraction in the atrial specimens was examined by Masson`s trichrome staining.The protein expression and distribution of AhR, AhR nuclear translocator (ARNT) and CYP1A1 were detected by the methods of immunohistochemistry and Western blot.The mRNA expression of AhR, ARNT and CYP1A1 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.RESULTS:Compared with CHD+sinus rhythm group, the collagen content and the expression of AhR, ARNT and CYP1A1 were significantly increased in RHD+sinus rhythm group and RHD+cAF group.Compared with RHD+sinus rhythm group, the collagen content and the expression of AhR, ARNT and CYP1A1 were significantly increased in RHD+cAF group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The expression of AhR is correlated with the degree of fibrosis.The expression of AhR/ARNT/CYP1A1 is increased in atrial tissues of patients with RHD, suggesting that AhR/ARNT/CYP1A1 should be involved in atrial fibrosis of the patient with RHD.
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Objective To evaluate the application value of ADC of different b-value ADC maps in multiple b-value DWI for assessment of early treatment response and detection of tumor progression.Methods Totally 47 postoperative patients with glioma were enrolled.All of them accepted chemoradiotherapy after operation.Conventional MRI and multiple b-value DWI (b=0,1 000,2 000,3 000 s/mm2) scans were performed.The mean and minimal ADC values (ADC and ADCrmin) were measured in 5 differrent corresponding ADC maps,such as ADC(1 000/0),ADC(/2 000/0),ADC(3 000/0),ADC(3 000/1000） and ADC(3 000/2 000).And the relative values (rADC and rADCmin) were calculated.The differences of ADC values among different reaction types (complete response,partial response,stable disease and progressive disease)and between progressive and non-progressive groups were compared.ROC analysis was used to determine the best cutoff values and diagnostic efficiency of ADC value for diagnosis of tumor progression.Results The rADC in ADC(3 000/0),ADC(3 000/1000） and ADC(3 000/2 000) maps were significantly different among different response types and between progressive group and non progressive group (all P＜0.05).The ADC in ADC(3 000/1000） and ADC(3000/2 000) maps were significantly different among different response types and between progressive group and non-progressive group (all P＜0.05).The ADC and rADC in ADC(3 000/2 000) map had the maximum area under curve (0.86,0.84).When ADC and rADC in ADC3 000/2 000 map were 408.65 × 10-6 mm2/s and 1.12,the sensitivities and specificities were 89.3 ％0,71.0 ％00 and 92.9 ％,77.4 ％,respectively.Conclusion The ADC and rADC in high b-value ADC maps are helpful to discriminate the early treatment response from tumor progression,which can provide valuable information for identification of tumor progression of glioma after treatment.
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Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and cardiomyo-cyte hypertrophy and possible mechanism .Methods H9C2 cardiomyocytes were divided into normal glucose group , high glucose group , resveratrol group and resveratrol +DAPT group respectively .The cell surface was measured by rhodamine-labeled phalloidin .Reactive oxygen species generation was measured using DCFH-DA.The contents of SOD and MDA were evaluated by colorimetry .The mRNA and protein levels of Notch 1, Hes1, ANP and BNP were evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot .Results High glucose exposure significantly increased cell surface area ( P<0.01) and enhanced ROS and MDA generation ( P <0.01 ) with concomitant decrease of SOD activity ( P <0.01).It also decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of Notch 1 and Hes1(P<0.05), and increased the ex-pression levels of ANP and BNP ( P<0.05 ) .Resveratrol treatment inhibited cell surface expanding ( P<0.01 ) and decreased ROS and MDA generation (P<0.01) with concomitant enhance SOD activity (P<0.01), as well as in-creased the expression level of Notch 1 and Hes1 ( P<0.05 ) , and decreased the expression of ANP and BNP ( P<0.05).Conclusions Resveratrol may inhibit high glucose induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes hypertrophy by improving oxidative stress and activating Notch 1/Hes1 signaling pathway .
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Pupose To explore the role of histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps obtained from multiple b value diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of progression of high-grade glioma (HGG) treated with chemoradiotherapy so as to determine the optimal b value.Materials and Methods Forty-one consecutive patients with HGG proved histopathologically who had undergone concurrent chemoradiotherapy at Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from September 2014 to October 2015 were enrolled in the study.All the subjects underwent diffusion weighted MR imaging before and after therapy with b values of 0,1000,2000 and 3000 s/mm2.Based on the clinical and radiographic follow-ups,the patients were divided into progression and nonprogression groups.ADC maps were calculated according to hyperintense FLAIR lesions after completion of chemoradiotherapy.The fifth percentile (C5) in terms of cumulative histograms in different b-value ADC maps in multiple b value DWI was calculated,and the C5 of each ADC map between progression and non-progression groups was compared.Moreover,receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the best cutoff values and diagnostic accuracy for predictors in the differentiation of true progression from non-progression.Results The C5 of all different b value ADC maps were significantly lower in the progression group than those in the non-progression group (P＜0.01).In terms of the accuracy of assessing the progression after therapy,the C5 in the high b value ADC maps was significantly higher than that in the low b value ADC maps.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the C5 was 0.717,0.832,0.909,0.933 and 0.937 respectively in the 5 ADC maps [ADC(1000/0),ADC(2000/0),ADC(30000/0,ADC(3000/1000) and ADC(3000/2000)].When the cutoff value of C5 was 405.6 mm/s2 in ADC(3000/2000) map,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 90.9％,89.7％,89.9％ and 91.0％,respectively.Conclusion The C5 in ADC map can effectively differentiate tumor progression of HGG,and that of high b values have higher accuracy.
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AIM:To investigate the changes of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the process of cardiomyo-cyte hypertrophy induced by high glucose , and to explore its potential mechanisms .METHODS: The rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells) were divided into normal glucose group , high glucose group, DMSO group and resveratrol (an AhR antago-nist) group.The content and distribution of AhR were observed with immunofluorescence staining .The myocardial cells were stained with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin to visualize cytoskeleton , and the cell surface area were determined after im-aging by fluorescence microscopy .The generation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS) in the cardiomyocytes was measured u-sing a fluorescent probe DCFH-DA.The mRNA expression of AhR , CYP1A1, atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP) were evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR ( RT-qPCR).The protein levels of AhR, CYP1A1, ANP and BNP were assessed by Western blot .RESULTS:AhR was constitutively presented in the cytosol un-der normal-glucose condition and was translocated to the nuclei under high-glucose condition .High glucose induced cardiac hypertrophy , and increased ROS generation .Significant reductions in the cell size and ROS generation were observed after treated with resveratrol.The expression of AhR, CYP1A1, ANP and BNP at mRNA and protein levels in high glucose group was increased as compared with normal glucose group and resveratrol group , and the above-mentioned indexes signifi-cantly decreased in resveratrol group as compared with DMSO group .CONCLUSION: High glucose-induced cardiac hy-pertrophy increases AhR expression , which may be involved in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis in the cardiomyo-cytes.AhR translocation to the nucleus induced by high glucose results in the increases in CYP 1A1 expression and ROS generation, which may be an important mechanism of high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy .
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound elastography in the diagnosis of pros-tate cancer.Methods 83 patients with prostate cancer were selected and diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound elastog-raphy (TRTE)and transrectal ultrasound(TRUS).The surgical pathology of the patients was used as diagnosis basis, and the efficacy of the two methods was evaluated.Results There were 102 nodules of all the 83 patients,44 patients'surgical pathology were benign,a total of 49 nodules,39 cases were vicious,a total of 53 nodules.47 nodules were gland nodules,accounting for 46.08% and 55 nodules were outer gland nodules,accounting for 53.92% of all the 102 nodules.There were 54 focis,the TRTE detected 36 focis,the detection rate was 66.67%,and TRUS detected 24 focis,the detection rate was 44.44%.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy rates of TRTE were 66.67%, 68.65% and 67.64%,which were higher than 44.44%,64.58% and 53.92% of TRUS,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =10.710,P 0.05 ).Conclusion It has higher diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic accuracy for ultrasound elastography in the diagnosis of prostate cancer,which can improve the clinical diagnostic performance and worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To observe the diffusion characteristics and pathology changes with DTI in rabbit models with mild cerebral contusion and laceration (CCL). Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly selected and made into models of mild CCL by free fall, while other 10 rabbits were cut only in the skull as control. T2WI and DTI were performed 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the operation. DTI value of average diffusion coefficient (DCavg) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of mild CCL and its peripheral area were measured and compared. Histological examination was also performed. Results One hour after operation, CCL area showed high signal on T2WI, and no abnormal signal was found in the peripheral area, but both had abnormal color on DTI map. T2WI signal intensity in peripheral area of 22 rabbits (73.33%) increased gradually and had much abnormal color on T2WT map after 3 h. There was significant difference of FA and DCavg between CCL and the mirror region, the peripheral area and the mirror region (P<0.05). The value of FA decreased slightly since 12 h. More prominent tissue necrosis, edema and hemorrhage were found in CCL area than in the peripheral area with pathology examination. No abnormal manifestations of the brain were detected with both pathology and MR examination in the control rabbits. Conclusion DTI is sensitive for detecting mild CCL and can show it directly on color map, and thus may be used as a routine examination in the evaluation of mild CCL.
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OBJECTIVE： To prepare etoposide－ bovine serum albumin－ microspheres (VP－ BSA－ MS)and to study the distribution and pharmacokinetics of VP－ BSA－ MS in mice. METHODS: The drug concentrations in various tissues were determined by high－ performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). RESULTS: The VP－ BSA－ MS was injected into mice and (47.88± 2.56 )％ of the total dosage was detected in lung tissue 15min after administration， the pharmacokinetical equation was C=149.0 897e－ 1.7 780t＋ 3.9 627e－ 0.0 398t — 153.0 524e－ 3.5 054t. CONCLUSION： The VP－ BSA－ MS showed remakable targeting action to the lung and the pharmacokinetic regularity could be discribed as two－ compartment model
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OBJECTIVE:To prepare etoposide-bovine serum albumin-microspheres (VP-BSA-MS)and to study the distribution and pharmacokinetics of VP-BSA-MS in mice. METHODS: The drug concentrations in various tissues were determined by high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). RESULTS: The VP-BSA-MS was injected into mice and (47.88?2.56 )% of the total dosage was detected in lung tissue 15min after administration,the pharmacokinetical equation was C=149.0 897e-1.7 780t+3.9 627e-0.0 398t —153.0 524e-3.5 054t. CONCLUSION:The VP-BSA-MS showed remakable targeting action to the lung and the pharmacokinetic regularity could be discribed as two-compartment model